【政治経済】平成床屋談義　町の噂その720

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679: 日出づる処の名無し [sage] 2018/06/29(金) 12:39:28.32 ID:QFzTuZX6

http://www.openculture.com/2016/11/umberto-eco-makes-a-list-of-the-14-common-features-of-fascism.html
Umberto Eco Makes a List of the 14 Common Features of Fascism
Umberto Ecoによる、ファシズムに見られる14の共通事項

１）The cult of tradition. “One has only to look at the syllabus of every fascist
movement to find the major traditionalist thinkers. The Nazi gnosis was nourished
by traditionalist, syncretistic, occult elements.”
　伝統主義（の仮面）
２）The rejection of modernism. “The Enlightenment, the Age of Reason, is seen as
the beginning of modern depravity. In this sense Ur-Fascism can be defined as irrationalism.”
　近代（合理）主義の否定
３）The cult of action for action’s sake. “Action being beautiful in itself, it must be
taken before, or without, any previous reflection. Thinking is a form of emasculation.”
　行動のための行動というカルト、行動は美しく、思考は無力である
４）Disagreement is treason. “The critical spirit makes distinctions, and to distinguish is
a sign of modernism. In modern culture the scientific community praises disagreement as
a way to improve knowledge.”
　同意しないならば反逆である
５）Fear of difference. “The first appeal of a fascist or prematurely fascist movement is
an appeal against the intruders. Thus Ur-Fascism is racist by definition.”
　異なることへの恐怖
６）Appeal to social frustration. “One of the most typical features of the historical fascism
was the appeal to a frustrated middle class, a class suffering from an economic crisis or
feelings of political humiliation, and frightened by the pressure of lower social groups.”
　社会的なフラストレーションを煽る、虐げられた中間階層とか
７）The obsession with a plot. “The followers must feel besieged. The easiest way to solve
the plot is the appeal to xenophobia.”
　筋書きつきの強迫観念、外国人恐怖とかの
８）The enemy is both strong and weak. “By a continuous shifting of rhetorical focus, the
enemies are at the same time too strong and too weak.”
　敵は強すぎると共に弱すぎる、レトリカルな焦点の継続的なシフト

http://egg.5ch.net/test/read.cgi/asia/1529274833/679

680: 日出づる処の名無し [sage] 2018/06/29(金) 12:39:57.16 ID:QFzTuZX6

９）Pacifism is trafficking with the enemy. “For Ur-Fascism there is no struggle for life but,
rather, life is lived for struggle.”
　平和主義は敵のやり方
１０）Contempt for the weak. “Elitism is a typical aspect of any reactionary ideology.”
　弱さへの侮蔑、エリート主義は反射的イデオロギーに典型的に見られる
１１）Everybody is educated to become a hero. “In Ur-Fascist ideology, heroism is the norm.
This cult of heroism is strictly linked with the cult of death.”
　万人を英雄に教育する
１２）Machismo and weaponry. “Machismo implies both disdain for women and intolerance
and condemnation of nonstandard sexual habits, from chastity to homosexuality.”
　男らしさという武器
１３）Selective populism. “There is in our future a TV or Internet populism, in which the
emotional response of a selected group of citizens can be presented and accepted as the
Voice of the People.”
　特定大衆層を狙ったポピュリズム、感情的反応を求める
１４）Ur-Fascism speaks Newspeak. “All the Nazi or Fascist schoolbooks made use of an
impoverished vocabulary, and an elementary syntax, in order to limit the instruments for
complex and critical reasoning.”
　ファシズムはNewspeakを話す

http://egg.5ch.net/test/read.cgi/asia/1529274833/680

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