[過去ﾛｸﾞ] Inter-universal geometry と ABC予想 (応援スレ) 65 (1002ﾚｽ)

Inter-universal geometry と ABC予想 (応援スレ) 65 http://rio2016.5ch.net/test/read.cgi/math/1644632425/

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497: １３２人目の素数さん [] 2022/04/23(土) 12:58:42.09 ID:MU2asfqc >>496 つづき In this context, we remark that it is also this state of affairs that gave rise to the term “inter-universal”: That is to say, the notion of a “universe”, as well as the use of multiple universes within the discussion of a single set-up in arithmetic geometry, already occurs in the mathematics of the 1960’s, i.e., in the mathematics of Galois categories and ´etale topoi associated to schemes. On the other hand, in this mathematics of the Grothendieck school, typically one only considers relationships between universes ? i.e., between labelling apparatuses for sets ? that are induced by morphisms of schemes, i.e., in essence by ring homomorphisms. The most typical example of this sort of situation is the functor between Galois categories of ´etale coverings induced by a morphism of connected schemes. By contrast, the links that occur in inter-universal Teichm¨uller theory are constructed by partially dismantling the ring structures of the rings in their domains and codomains [cf. the discussion of §2.7, (vii)], hence necessarily result in much more complicated relationships between the universes ? i.e., between the labelling apparatuses for sets ? that are adopted in the Galois categories that occur in the domains and codomains of these links, i.e., relationships that do not respect the various labelling apparatuses for sets that arise from correspondences between the Galois groups that appear and the respective ring/scheme theories that occur in the domains and codomains of the links. つづく http://rio2016.5ch.net/test/read.cgi/math/1644632425/497

498: １３２人目の素数さん [] 2022/04/23(土) 12:58:59.81 ID:MU2asfqc >>497 つづき That is to say, it is precisely this sort of situation that is referred to by the term “inter-universal”. Put another way, a change of universe may be thought of [cf. the discussion of §2.7, (i)] as a sort of abstract/combinatorial/arithmetic version of the classical notion of a “change of coordinates”. In this context, it is perhaps of interest to observe that, from a purely classical point of view, the notion of a [physical] “universe” was typically visualized as a copy of Euclidean three-space. Thus, from this classical point of view, a “change of universe” literally corresponds to a “classical change of the coordinate system ? i.e., the labelling apparatus ? applied to label points in Euclidean three-space”! (引用終り) http://rio2016.5ch.net/test/read.cgi/math/1644632425/498

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