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332: 名無しさん＠１周年 2019/09/24(火)21:20 ID:Y/f+ezcG0(9/18) AAS
>>176
以下の文章では
「収入の8割を、トップ2割が占めている。しかし大事なことは、ほかの分布は、この2割に集中していないということ。」
「つまり、トップ2割が優秀ということを意味してはいない。」
と述べられている。
そもそも19世紀のイタリアで、トップ2割に土地の8割が集中していることを批判した理論だ。

Pareto principle
外部ﾘﾝｸ:en.wikipedia.org
In economics
The original observation was in connection with population and wealth. Pareto noticed that approximately 80% of Italy's land was owned by 20% of the population.
A chart that gave the inequality a very visible and comprehensible form, the so-called "champagne glass" effect,
was contained in the 1992 United Nations Development Program Report, which showed that distribution of global income is very uneven, with the richest 20% of the world's population controlling 82.7% of the world's income.

Distribution of world GDP, 1989[9]
Quintile of population Income
Richest 20% 82.70%
Second 20% 11.75%
Third 20% 2.30%
Fourth 20% 1.85%
Poorest 20% 1.40%

However, it is important to note that while there have been associations of such with meritocracy, the principle should not be confused with farther reaching implications.
As Alessandro Pluchino at the University of Catania in Italy points out, other attributes do not necessarily correlate. Using talent as an example, he and other researchers state,
“The maximum success never coincides with the maximum talent, and vice-versa.”, and that such factors are the result of chance.

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