[過去ﾛｸﾞ] 有言実行三姉妹シュシュトリアン (519ﾚｽ)
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502: 2018/04/19(木)15:37 ID:FYBvHpDn0(2/7) AAS
Omar Khayyam, Arabic in full Ghiy?th al-D?n Ab? al-Fat? ?Umar ibn Ibr?h?m al-N?s?b?r? al-Khayy?m?, (born May 18, 1048, Neysh?b?r [also
spelled N?sh?p?r], Khor?s?n [now Iran]?died December 4, 1131, Neysh?b?r), Persian mathematician, astronomer, and poet, renowned in his own country and time for his scientific achievements but chiefly known to
English-speaking readers through the translation of a collection of his rob???y?t (“quatrains”) in The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam (1859), by the English writer Edward FitzGerald.

His name Khayyam (“Tentmaker”) may have been derived from his father’s trade. He received a good education in th
e sciences and philosophy in his native Neysh?b?r before traveling to Samarkand (now in Uzbekistan), where he completed t
he algebra treatise, Ris?lah fi?l-bar?h?n ?al? mas??il al-jabr wa?l-muq?balah
(“Treatise on Demonstration of Problems of Algebra”), on which his mathematical reputation principally rests. In this treatise he gave a systematic discussion of the
solution of cubic equations by means of intersecting conic sections. Perhaps it was in the context of this work that he discovered how to extend Abu al-Waf?’s results on the extraction of cube and fourth
roots to the extraction of nth roots of numbers for arbitrary whole numbers n.

He made such a name for himself that the Seljuq sultan Malik-Sh?h invited him to E?fah?n to undertake the astronomical observations necessary for the reform of the calendar. (See The Western calendar and calendar
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